Docker 安装 mysql

先配置阿里云镜像加速器，不然下载镜像很慢

Docker 配置阿里云镜像加速器

1、拉取 mysql 镜像，docker pull mysql:8.0.20

mysql 版本 8.0.20；

root@ubuntu:/# 
root@ubuntu:/# docker pull mysql:8.0.20
8.0.20: Pulling from library/mysql
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete 
d51ce1c2e575: Pull complete 
c2344adc4858: Pull complete 
fcf3ceff18fc: Pull complete 
16da0c38dc5b: Pull complete 
b905d1797e97: Pull complete 
4b50d1c6b05c: Pull complete 
c75914a65ca2: Pull complete 
1ae8042bdd09: Pull complete 
453ac13c00a3: Pull complete 
9e680cd72f08: Pull complete 
a6b5dc864b6c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:8b7b328a7ff6de46ef96bcf83af048cb00a1c86282bfca0cb119c84568b4caf6
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:8.0.20
docker.io/library/mysql:8.0.20
root@ubuntu:/# 

2、根据镜像创建 mysql 数据容器

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name zmf_mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0.20

root@ubuntu:/# 
root@ubuntu:/# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name zmf_mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0.20
aaadf63ee8b8ce25e6911fad4078e5468f8bbb50da3761d9561805338d21749c
root@ubuntu:/# 
root@ubuntu:/# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
aaadf63ee8b8        mysql:8.0.20        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 seconds ago      Up 10 seconds       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   zmf_mysql
root@ubuntu:/# 
root@ubuntu:/# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
aaadf63ee8b8        mysql:8.0.20        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   30 seconds ago      Up 29 seconds       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   zmf_mysql
root@ubuntu:/# 
root@ubuntu:/#

3、连接数据库

①、使用命令连接

docker exec -it zmf_mysql bash

mysql -uroot -p123456

root@ubuntu:/# 
root@ubuntu:/# docker exec -it zmf_mysql bash
root@aaadf63ee8b8:/# 
root@aaadf63ee8b8:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

②、使用 navicat 远程连接

1）配置好后，测试连接报错，如下图：

2）解决 2059: Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded 错误，按如下步骤：

• ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; # 修改加密规则

• ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456'; # 更新用户密码

• grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option; # 赋予 root 用户最高权限

• flush privileges; # 刷新权限

mysql> 
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.20    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'default_authentication_plugin';
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name                 | Value                 |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| default_authentication_plugin | caching_sha2_password |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user,plugin from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

3）再连接就可以了