环境

System version：CentOS 7. X64

Redis version：4.0.1

官网网址：https://redis.io

中文网址：http://www.redis.cn

官网文档：https://redis.io/documentation

一、安装配置

1.软件获取：

[root@Redis ~]# cd /usr/local/src/

[root@Redis src]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz

下载地址：https://redis.io/download

2.解压安装

[root@Redis src]# mkdir /usr/local/redis

[root@Redis src]# tar zxf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz

[root@Redis src]# cd redis-4.0.1

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# make MALLOC=libc

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis/

3.配置环境变量

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# vim /etc/profile.d/redis.sh

#!/bin/sh

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/redis/bin

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# source /etc/profile.d/redis.sh

4.创建redis启动用户

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# useradd redis -s /sbin/nologin -M

5.系统优化

Ⅰ.禁用大内存页：

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

[root@Redis_134 ~]# vim /etc/rc.local

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

Ⅱ.内存分配策略：

0：内核检查内存是否可用，内存足够允许申请，否则申请失败，并返回错误给应用进程。

1：内核忽略当前内存状态，允许分配所有物理内存。

2：内核允许分配超过所有物理内存和交换空间总和内存。

echo "vm.overcommit_memory=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory

Ⅲ.TCP 连接侦听队列大小：

echo "net.core.somaxconn=2048" >>/etc/sysctl.conf

echo 2048 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn

6.创建目录

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/conf

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# mkdir -p /data/redis/{data,logs,rdb}

7.拷贝配置文件到安装目录

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# cp redis.conf sentinel.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/

8.修改redis配置文件

[root@Redis redis-4.0.1]# cd /usr/local/redis/conf/

[root@Redis conf]# cp redis.conf redis.bak.$(date +%Y%m%d).conf

[root@Redis conf]# vim redis.conf

bind 192.168.88.134

pidfile /data/redis/logs/redis_6379.pid

logfile /data/redis/logs/redis.log

dir /data/redis/rdb

requirepass 123123

daemonize yes

注意：主从复制开启“slaveof <masterip> <masterport>”

9.修改sentinel配置文件

[root@Redis conf]# cp sentinel.conf sentinel.bak.$(date +%Y%m%d).conf

[root@Redis conf]# vim sentinel.conf

port 26379

dir "/tmp"

sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6379 2

logfile /data/redis/logs/sentinel.log

sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 30000

sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1

sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000

10.创建停止脚本

[root@Redis ~]# vim /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-shutdown

#!/bin/bash

SERVICE_NAME="$1"

if [ -z "$SERVICE_NAME" ]; then

SERVICE_NAME=redis

fi

REDIS_CLI=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli

CONFIG_FILE="/usr/local/redis/conf/$SERVICE_NAME.conf"

REDISHOST=`awk '/^[[:blank:]]*bind/ { print $2 }' $CONFIG_FILE`

REDISPORT=`awk '/^[[:blank:]]*port/ { print $2 }' $CONFIG_FILE`

REDISPASS=`awk '/^[[:blank:]]*requirepass/ { print $2 }' $CONFIG_FILE`

REDISHOST=${REDISHOST:-127.0.0.1}

if [ "$SERVICE_NAME" = redis ]; then

REDISPORT=${REDISPORT:-6379}

else

REDISPORT=${PORT:-26739}

fi

[ -z "$REDISPASS" ] || ADDITIONAL_PARAMS="-a $REDISPASS"

$REDIS_CLI -h $REDISHOST -p $REDISPORT $ADDITIONAL_PARAMS shutdown

[root@Redis ~]# chmod 775 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-shutdown

11.创建Redis启动脚本

[root@Redis ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service

[Unit]

Description=Redis

After=network.target

[Service]

ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf --daemonize no

ExecStop=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-shutdown

LimitNOFILE = 20480

User=redis

Group=redis

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@Redis ~]# chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service

注意：LimitNOFILE选项会分配文件打开数，默认为4096。

12.创建Sentinel启动脚本

[root@Redis ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/sentinel.service

[Unit]

Description=Redis Sentinel

After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]

ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-sentinel /usr/local/redis/conf/sentinel.conf --daemonize no

ExecStop=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-shutdown sentinel

LimitNOFILE = 20480

User=redis

Group=redis

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@Redis ~]# chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/sentinel.service

注意：启动是失败使用命令查看“journalctl -xn”

13.修改权限

[root@Redis ~]# chown -R redis.redis /usr/local/redis

[root@Redis ~]# chown -R redis.redis /data/redis

14.手动启动Redis服务

[root@Redis ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf

15.手动启动Sentinel服务

[root@Redis ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-sentinel /usr/local/redis/conf/sentinel.conf

注意：如果现在root用户下手动启动服务，日志文件将以root用户创建，之后使用systemctl命令启动服务将会报错无权限。

手动启动服务无误后可以选择删除日志文件或者修改属主组权限。

16.启停Redis服务

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl enable redis.service

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl start redis.service

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl stop redis.service

17.启停sentinel服务

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl enable sentinel.service

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl start sentinel.service

[root@Redis ~]# systemctl stop sentinel.service

二、redis管理

1.登录

[root@Redis ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.88.211 -p 6379 -a 123123 [command]

-h：后面跟IP地址

-p：跟redis端口

-a：redis密码 requirepass "" 设置redis密码

command：redis命令，例如：info、ping

2.普通键入和查询

192.168.88.211:6379> set Ty 123

OK

192.168.88.211:6379> get Ty

"123"

3.查看所有Key

192.168.88.211:6379> KEYS *

1) "Ty"

2) "kry"

4.删除key值

192.168.88.211:6379> del kry

(integer) 1

5.删除所有库资料，并清空数据

192.168.88.134:6379> FLUSHALL

OK

6.存储有序字符串列表

192.168.88.211:6379> lpush num 88

(integer) 1

192.168.88.211:6379> llen num

(integer) 1

192.168.88.211:6379> lpop num

"88"

三、常见问题

1.执行“make”时报错：make[3]: gcc: Command not found

原因：缺少gcc

解决办法：yum -y install gcc

2.执行“make MALLOC=jemalloc”报错：fatal error: jemalloc/jemalloc.h: No such file or directory

解决办法： make MALLOC=libc

3.启动Redis启动时报错：Failed opening the RDB file dump.rdb (in server root dir /) for saving: Permission denied

解决办法：

修改redis.conf配置文件，指定dir存储目录

[root@Redis ~]# vim /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf

dir /data/redis/rdb

修改目录所属为"redis"

[root@Redis ~]# chown chown redis.redis /data/redis/rdb

3.启动sentinel服务日志报错：“Server can't set maximum open files to 10032 because of OS error: Operation not permitted.”

解决办法：如果使用systemctl自定义启动，只需要添加“LimitNOFILE = 20480”参数即可。

四、扩展内容

Redis启动方式

1.通过执行文件直接运行

启动：

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server &

停止：

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli shutdown

或者使用kill

kill -9 PID

2.指定配置文件运行

启动：

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf --daemonize yes

停止:

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.88.213 -p 6379 -a 123123 shutdown

注意：redis开启认证，停止时也必须输入密码。

3.利用脚本运行

创建脚本存储目录

mkdir /usr/local/redis/scrpit

从源码包复制脚本

cp /usr/local/src/redis-4.0.1/utils/redis_init_script /usr/local/redis/scrpit/redis_server

修改属主组

chown -R redis.redis /usr/local/redis/

修改脚本配置

vim /usr/local/redis/scrpit/redis_server

REDISPORT=6379

EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server

CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/data/redis/logs/redis_6379.pid

CONF=/usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf

将：$EXEC $CONF 改：$EXEC $CONF --daemonize yes

启动：

/usr/local/redis/scrpit/redis_server start

停止：

/usr/local/redis/scrpit/redis_serverstop

systemctl自定义

vim /lib/systemd/system/redis.service

[Unit]

Description=Redis

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=forking

ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/scrpit/redis_server start

ExecStop=/usr/local/redis/scrpit/redis_server stop

LimitNOFILE = 20480

PrivateTmp=true

User=redis

Group=redis

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

chmod +x /lib/systemd/system/redis.service